Williams, M. F. (2006). Tracing W. E. B. DuBois’ “Color Line” in Government Regulations. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication, 36(2), (pp. 141–165). https://doi.org/10.2190/67RN-UAWG-4NFF-5HL5

In Miriam F. Williams’s (2006) article, “Tracing W. E. B. DuBois’ ‘Color Line’ in Government Regulations” she presented a “discourse analysis of historical regulations that gives us insight into African American’s experiences with historical regulations” (p. 142). Williams highlighted the significance of the problem of regulatory writing within a historical context, the creation of the “color line,” the writings of DuBois and Washington, the African-Americans’ distrust of the government throughout history, the trust and distrust of other marginalized groups, the Houston incident, a discourse analysis in search of language that denotes trust or distrust, coding the language in Black Codes, and the results indicated a skew towards language that would likely promote distrust in an African-American audience. Williams’s purpose was to reveal that the “disenfranchisement of freed blacks in this country was an intentional breakdown in communication and governance; similar government-initiated ruptures have occurred throughout history with people of various ethnic, political, and socioeconomic backgrounds” (p. 163). Williams’s intended audience was individuals unaware of the effect of regulatory writing on the African-Americans’ distrust of the government. Williams had evidently conducted extensive research and used an effective discourse analysis to support her notion.